29 June 2010

Hanging an old portrait over my desk

Bishop William Pakenham Walsh ... all dressed up and ready for action in mission (Photograsph: Patrick Comerford, 2010)

Patrick Comerford

For four years, while I was working for the Church Mission Society Ireland (CMS Ireland), a large, three-quarter length life-size portrait of Bishop William Pakenham Walsh hung in my office in Overseas House, Rathmines. Now the portrait is hanging once again, but this time in the Church of Ireland Theological Institute.

In the last few months, CMS Ireland has sold Overseas House and is renting an office around the corner in Church of Ireland House, Rathmines. In the process of moving out, CMS has kindly agreed to this portrait being moved to my present office. A similar portrait hangs in the dining room in the Bishop’s House in Kilkenny.

After its foundation in 1814, CMS Ireland had its Dublin offices first on the corner of Earl Street and O’Connell Street (then Sackville Street), from 1816 at 16 Upper O’Connell Street, and from 1877 in No 17 Upper O’Connell Street. CMS moved to 8 Dawson Street in 1884, and in 1895 to 21 Molesworth Street. Both a centenary thanksgiving fund set up in 1914 and a bequest from the Potterton family helped CMS buy new premises at 35 Molesworth Street, dedicated in 1929 by Archbishop John Gregg of Dublin.

In 1975, CMS moved to Overseas House. Overseas House was opened on 22 February 1975 by Archbishop George Otto Simms of Armagh as Patron of what was then called the Hibernian Church Missionary Society.

The portrait of Bishop Pakenham Walsh by Harry B. Douglas was one of the mementoes brought from Molesworth Street to Overseas House in the 1970s.

Bishop William Pakenham Walsh (1820-1902) was Deputy Secretary of CMS Ireland from 1851 to 1873. During that time he was curate (1853-1858) and then Rector of Sandford Parish (1858-1873), which is close to Overseas House. William Pakenham Walsh later became Dean of Cashel (1873-1878) and Bishop of Ossory, Ferns and Leighlin (1878-1897). He died in Crinken House, Bray, in 1902.

When I first moved into my office in Overseas House in 2002, my two sons were overwhelmed and overawed by the formal portrait of the bishop in his convocation robes, including a white rochet, scarlet chimere, black scarf and academic hood. They wanted to know who the bishop was. When I explained that he had been one of my predecessors at CMS Ireland, they joked about me having to turn up at work dressed like this each day.

Archbishop Cosmo Lang in rochet and chimere ... he feared the portrait made him “look proud, pompous and prelatical”

Their witty comments reminded me of the story of Archbishop Cosmo Lang who, on seeing his portrait, remarked: “It makes me look proud, pompous and prelatical.” To this, a wit responded: “To which of those epithets does your Grace take exception?”

The rochet that is still worn by many bishops on formal occasions is sometimes referred to as “Lawn Sleeves”. With the topcoat of a chimere, that is how many Anglican bishops still dress for their Episcopal consecration, at formal services, and as they pose for formal photographs at General Synods or at the Lambeth Conference.

Not a black chimere in sight ... the bishops of the Church of Ireland in rochets and scarlet chimeres at the General Synod in Galway two years ago

But the chimere, like so much of clerical dress, is an academic robe. It ought to be black. The scarlet version comes from the robes of a Doctor of Divinity at the University of Oxford. At one time, almost all Anglican archbishops were graduates of Oxford and often they were in the habit of awarding degrees to newly-consecrated bishops and dressing them as though they too were holders of an Oxford DD. Similarly, bishops of the Church of Ireland often received DD from Dublin University soon after their consecration.

The custom of giving degrees out with the office has ceased, and so most Anglican bishops ought, by rights, to dress in black and white, unless they want to dress in the customary and appropriate sacramental robes.

Bishop Pakenham Walsh received the degrees BD and DD from Trinity College Dublin in 1873 when he was made Dean of Cashel.

But those who think a cope, chasuble or mitre is outdated or no longer appropriate should remember it is a long time since an Irish bishop ever sat in convocation or was ever conferred with an honorary DD from Oxford, Cambridge or Dublin.

5 comments:

Anonymous said...

Patrick, another excellent article, but with one commonly made mistake, that the chimere has an academic origin. The chimere originated as a semi-circular riding cloak, fastned at the neck, and open down the front, with slits to allow the arms to direct the horse. In medieval times they were made in many colours, including green, blue and brown. The pleating at the back was a later addition, to accomodate the increasing size of the sleeves of the rochet in the 18th century. There is no connection, whatsoever, to the DD Convocation habit of Oxford. The confusion has arisen (in part at least) because both are 'Convocation habits', but of different convocations. The chimere, as outdoor dress, was worn at non-liturgical events, including convocation, hence the association of the two habits. I suspect that, for robemakers, given the similarity of the two robes, it became increasingly convenient to assimilate them so that one pattern could be used (more-or-less). Likewise with colours - black became the invariable choice, with scarlet reserved for very great occasions - much along the lines of university dress. And given that bishops were awarded the DD de jue officii until rather recently, there is a further point of connection. On a slight tangent, the fashion arose in the 19th century of wearing a hood with the chimere - which is strictly incorrect - precisely because it was becoming confused with the DD habit. Strictly, episcopal choir habit should really be rochet, scarf and hood - or rochet, scarf, cope and mitre.

Sooz said...

Whilst researching my ancestral home, Crinken House, I was delighted to stumble across your blog with your comments about the portrait in your office of my great great grandfather. My family has exactly the same imposing picture in our possession and it never occurred to me that there might be other copies around the globe so I was more than pleased to see that they exist and are still hanging! Many thanks for sharing it! Susie (nee Pakenham-Walsh)

Patrick Comerford said...

Thank you Susie. This portrait now hangs in the Music Room in Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin. It was too big for my study, and now it can be seen by a wider public

Unknown said...

I am William Pakenham-Walsh's great great granddaughter. Lovely to see his portrait.
Louise Pakenham-Walsh

Unknown said...

I am William Pakenham-Walsh's great great granddaughter. Lovely to see his portrait.
Louise Pakenham-Walsh